Background: Earthquakes remain among the most devastating natural hazards globally, causing catastrophic structural failures and significant human loss. Conventional construction methods have proven inadequate in seismically active zones, necessitating the development of advanced mitigation strategies.
Objective: This study evaluates and compares contemporary seismic resistance technologies—base isolation, structural dampers, and energy dissipation systems—to identify optimal configurations for earthquake-resilient infrastructure.
Methods: Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed on a representative 12-story reinforced concrete building using SAP2000 and ETABS platforms. Simulations incorporated four seismic hazard scenarios (PGA 0.1g–0.4g) and compared five structural configurations across displacement, drift, and acceleration metrics.
Results: Lead-rubber bearing (LRB) base isolation achieved the greatest inter-story drift reduction (62%), while the hybrid damper configuration reduced peak floor acceleration by 58%. Tuned mass dampers offered the most cost-effective performance at moderate seismic intensities.
Conclusion: Hybrid integration of seismic protection systems substantially outperforms single-strategy approaches. A resilience-based design framework combining base isolation with energy dissipators is strongly recommended for high-seismicity regions.